The Decima Legio is a cultural non-profit organization that was created within the activities of the Società Italiana per gli Studi Militari Antichi, proposing to study and to reconstruct the Roman Republican army in the period from the Punic Wars to the conquests of Julius Caesar: a period of just 200 years, but of fundamental importance for the history of Rome and its army.

The period of Republican history of Rome has always been neglected, when not ignored, from the world of historical reconstruction, which is mainly due to the fact that the re-enactment was not born in Italy, but in other countries (especially England, France and Germany) where the Roman army has left the most significant tracks from an archaeological point of view, and iconography, even if only for the imperial period.

Even in Italy the main interest is still concentrated on the imperial period, a period in which, however, the role of italics in legions has become in fact insignificant, with the inevitable loss of habit in fighting and more particularly of the spirit of the citizen-soldier who had formed the cultural foundation and the expansion of civil Roman power.

The reconstruction of the republican period is instead of absolute interest not only for the enhancement and Italian environmental and cultural context, which still today places, cities and historical remains, witness a fundamental period in Roman history and for Italy, but also for a better and more profound understanding and knowledge of authentic Roman civilization.